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Accruals

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General Information on Accrual Journal Entries

看片视频, as with other Canadian universities, must use GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles) to help guide how we align revenues and expenditures, and to ensure the University鈥檚 financial statements reflect the results of operations accurately.

Revenue Recognition Principle:

Income is recorded at the time it is earned (i.e. upon the performing of service or delivery of goods). If income has not been earned, but payment has been received, the amount is deferred to a liability until service is rendered or goods are delivered. The determining factor to record a transaction in a particular period is the economic event when ownership is transferred (e.g. when the customer takes possession of the good or when the service is performed).

The Matching Principle:

The costs incurred in any accounting period should be matched against the revenue generated in the same period for financial reporting purposes. This is the fundamental concept of accrual based accounting. Economic events are recognized at the time the transaction occurs rather than when the payment is made or received. This differs from cash basis accounting which recognizes income when received and expenditures when paid.

Accrual entries also include recording deferrals when external revenue is unearned or external expenses are prepaid. We must ensure that since the Statement of Revenues and Expenses represents a period in time (a fiscal year) that the amounts recorded in the accounts are reflective of the activities in that year. The University also prepares quarterly financial statements and so accrual entries should be prepared to ensure balances in the accounts are reflective of the activities during the respective quarter whenever possible.

Accrual Types and Examples

Accrual journal entries are created in Banner using the form FGAJVCD.

Accrual Type Definition Banner Account Code

Accounts Receivable

This asset represents amounts due from external parties for goods received or services rendered in the current year and for which payment has not been received by Quarter End / Year End

Examples:

  • Goods are delivered to an external customer in the current Fiscal Year but cash has not been received
  • Consulting work is completed by Year End but payment not received in the current Fiscal Year.

Journal Entry: Dr. A/R 100046

Cr. Revenue 5xxxxx

NOTE: Amount accrued should NOT include taxes as this is not revenue belonging to 看片视频

100046

Inventories

All stocks of materials for external resale should be booked to this inventory account. This inventory must be valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value.

Examples:

  • Residences - goods purchased for the vending machines and cafeterias that are to be sold to students
  • Dentistry - equipment purchased for students

Journal Entry: Dr. Inventories 100103

Cr. Purchases 7xxxxx

100103

Prepaid Expenses

Expenses paid in one fiscal year which specifically relate to the operations of a future fiscal year. These expenses must be deferred.

Examples:

  • Software license purchased in April 2011 covering a 1-year period starting May 1, 2011.
  • Course materials purchased in April to be used for the Fall session

Journal Entry: Dr. Prepaid Expenses 100111

Cr. Expense 7xxxxx

100111

Accounts Payable

Goods & services received by external parties prior to Year End but not invoiced by vendor in Fiscal Year 2010/ 11.

Examples:

  • Equipment - Delivered in current fiscal year but not yet invoiced by vendor
  • Legal Office - Services rendered by external law firm up until end of fiscal year but not yet invoiced

Journal Entry: Dr. Expense 7xxxxx

Cr. A/P 200008

200008

Unearned Revenue

Cash or revenues collected in advance of the delivery of the good or service

Examples:

  • School of Continuing Studies - Tuition fees received in the current fiscal year for the following summer session courses
  • Residences - Revenue received in the current fiscal year for the following summer rentals

Journal Entry: Dr. Revenue 5xxxxx

Cr. Unearned Revenue 200086

200086

Request access to process ME15/ME16 journals

To request access to process ME15 & ME16 journals for yourself or someone else, send an email to FISsecurity.acct [at] mcgill.ca with a c.c. to your direct supervisor and Unit Financial Officer. Please note that the OLC - FIS 439 (previously FIS 339) course along with JE16 access are the pre-requisites to obtaining ME15 & ME16 access.

The request should include the subject 'ME15 & ME16 access', the individual's first and last name, and their Banner UserID.

Sample email

To: FISsecurity.acct [at] mcgill.ca
Cc: Direct Supervisor, Unit Financial Officer

Subject: ME15 & ME16 access

Please grant access to Jane Smith (JSMITH1) to do ME15 & ME16 closing journals.

Thank you,

Your Name
Position Title
Unit
Contact Number

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